"MIS POETAS FAVORITOS", Lope de Vega. Félix Lope de Vega y Carpio , (Madrid, 1562 - id., 1635) English writer. Lope de Vega came from a humble family and his life was extremely hectic and full of love affairs. He studied at the Jesuits in Madrid (1574) and went to university in Alcalá (1576), but did not get a bachelor's degree.
Because composition of a defamatory libel against the actress Elena Osorio (Phillies) and his family, unhappy love affairs, Lope de Vega was banished from the court (1588-1595). This was not the only process that was involved: in 1596, after being pardoned in 1595 from exile, was convicted of concubinage with Antonia Trillo.
He enrolled at least two military expeditions, one who conquered the island of Terceira in the Azores (1583), under the command of Don Alvaro de Bazán, and the other in the Armada. He was secretary of several important characters, such as the Marquis of Malpica or the Duke of Alba, and from 1605 served the Duke Sessa, a relationship rooted in a mutual friendship.
Lope married twice: to Isabel de Urbina (Belisa), with whom he married by proxy after having kidnapped before leaving banished from Madrid, and Juana de Guardo in 1598. Apart from these two marriages, his love life was intense, as it maintained relations with many women, even after being ordained priest. Among her lovers can cite Marina de Aragón, Micaela Luján (Camila Lucinda) with whom he had two children, Marcela and Lope Felix, and Marta de Nevares (Amaryllis and Marcia Leonarda), besides those already mentioned above.
's work and biography of Lope de Vega have a high interlocking, and both were almost abnormal exuberance. Like other writers of his time, cultivated all genres.
The first novel he wrote, La Arcadia (1598), is a pastoral work in which he included many poems. In The shepherds of Bethlehem (1612), another pastoral novel but "the divine" included, again, many sacred poems. Between these two came the Byzantine novel The Pilgrim in his homeland (1604), including four mystery plays. Filomena and La Circe contain four Italian-type short stories dedicated to Marta snowing. In the tradition of La Celestina, humanistic comedy in the vernacular, is ascribed La Dorotea where he tells his frustrated youthful love with Elena Osorio.
His poetry was used in all possible ways and drew him equally popular opera and culteranismo Gongora, but in general, defended the "light verse." On one side are the long poems and unit of narrative tone and often epic affair or mythological, for example: Dragontea (1598), The Beauty of Angela (1602), inspired by Ariosto's Orlando, conquered Jerusalem ( 1609), based on Tasso's Andromeda (1621); La Circe (1624). The religious themes is Isidro (1599) and also the loving Soliloquies (1626). The Gatomaquia (1634) is a parody epic.
As for short poems, his poetry was used for all meters and genres. Is contained in the Rhymes (1602), Sacred Poems (1614), spiritual Ballads (1619), with other rhymes Wins sacred divine (1625), Rhymes of the licensed human and divine Burguillos Tomé (1634) and the Vega of Parnassus ( 1637).
Lope Where we really see the renewal is in the drama. After a long experience of many years writing for the stage, Lope composed, at the request of the Academy of Madrid, the New Art of Making comedies at this time (1609). It exposes his dramatic theories come to be a counterpoint to the theories Horace, at the Epistle to the rammer.
Of the three units-action, time and place, "Lope only advised to respect the unity of action to maintain the credibility, and rejects the other two, particularly in historical works, where we understand the absurdity of your comment; advised the mixture of tragedy and comedy (in line with the author of La Celestina), hence the enormous importance of the figure of funny in the theater and, in general, in all works of the Golden Age, regulates the use of verses according to the situations and relies on the traditional English heritage so as to get their arguments (chronicles, ballads, ditties).
In general, the plays of Lope de Vega revolve around two themes, love and honor, and his audience is quite varied, from illiterate people to the most cultured and refined. In his very extensive work, more than "one thousand five hundred" in the words of the author, are kept secure three hundred allocation.
The subject is so varied that it is difficult to categorize. The largest group is the swashbuckling comedy, based on the intrigue of love action: La dama boba, The affectations of Belisa, The punishment of discrete, Knight of the miracle, the unfortunate Stephen, The discreet love, punishment no vengeance, no love know who and steel of Madrid. Chivalric theme: The youth of Roland and The Marquis of Mantua. Biblical theme and lives of saints: The creation of the world and Dina theft. Classical history: no value against misfortune. English historical events: The Bastard Mudarra and The Duke of Viseo.
His best known works are those dealing with the problems of abuses by the nobles, common scenarios in political chaos century Spain XV, among them are: La Estrella de Sevilla, Fuente Ovejuna, the best mayor, king, Peribáñez and the Commander of Ocaña and The Knight of Olmedo. The love theme is Teodor maid, the dog in the manger, The punishment of discrete, the ugly and the beautiful girl of pitcher.
